Understanding the Duration of Lochia After Cesarean Section

Postpartum lochia is a natural occurrence that, while normal, can cause discomfort for women, especially when its duration is prolonged. This article addresses the common question among pregnant mothers opting for a cesarean section: How long does it take for lochia to cease after the procedure?

1. Understanding Lochia

Following childbirth and the detachment of the placenta, the mother's uterus contracts to create a secure environment. Effective uterine contraction is crucial for halting physiological bleeding and reducing postpartum blood loss. In the days following birth, uterine contraction diminishes gradually. Initially felt just below the navel, the uterus contracts approximately 1-1.5 cm less each day, typically disappearing into the mother's pelvis by the 13th day. As the uterus contracts, fluid, known as lochia, drains from the uterus through the vagina. Lochia is a combination of endometrial layer fragments, small blood clots from the placental attachment wound, remnants of amniotic fluid, and fluids from cervix and vaginal wounds due to childbirth.

Postpartum lochia varies among individuals, with some experiencing prolonged or heavy bleeding, while others have a shorter duration.

2. Duration of Lochia After Cesarean Section

Lochia is a natural physiological process in women after childbirth, with those delivering via cesarean section typically experiencing less discharge than those delivering vaginally. This process generally lasts from 2 to 6 weeks. In the initial 3 days, lochia is dark red due to thin blood and small clots. Subsequently, it becomes thinner, with the blood color fading to light pink. Between 7-10 days post-birth, lochia may contain cells and mucous membranes, appearing light yellow and white, also referred to as white birth blood. Lochia should not contain pus, but when passing through the vagina, it loses its sterile properties, potentially leading to bacterial infections such as streptococcus or staphylococcus. Lochia has an alkaline pH and a distinctive fishy smell, which may become foul if infected.

Typically, lochia resolves within 20 days, but in rare cases, some women may experience discharge for up to 45 days. If a woman continues to observe bloody discharge after 6 weeks, along with a foul smell, fever (38-39 degrees Celsius), and lower abdominal tightness, it could indicate blocked lochia. This condition, caused by retained lochia in the uterus, is potentially dangerous, requiring immediate medical attention for examination and treatment.

Understanding the normal duration of lochia after a cesarean section is essential for postpartum care, enabling women to identify potential issues and seek timely medical intervention if necessary.